Abstract
The compound CaCl2 plays a significant role in the process of direct calciothermic reduction of Ti2O3 to prepare porous titanium. In this paper, the effect of CaCl2 on reduction products by calciothermic reduction of Ti2O3 was investigated. Results show that the distribution of CaCl2 in reduction preform influences particle size and morphology differences in reduction products both on the surface and the inside. The CaCl2 is transferred to the surface of the Ti2O3 preform due to its volatilization before and throughout reduction. The content of CaCl2 in the surface zone of Ti2O3 preform is significantly higher than that in the interior during the reduction process, contributing to the formation of large Ti particles with a smooth shape on the surface, and small Ti particles with inherited morphology of Ti2O3 inside. More CaCl2 causes the aggregation of Ti particles to form large Ti particles which are advantageous as they connect and form a more solid porous titanium structure. The presence of a small amount of CaCl2 in the interior also results in the coexistence of small Ti and CaO particles, forming a loose structure with uniform distribution.
Highlights
Porous titanium is a widely applicable material in the chemical, petroleum, and pharmaceutical industries due to the excellent properties it inherits from titanium and its alloys [1,2,3]
According the the relationship between the saturated vapor pressure of calcium temperature, Accordingto to relationship between the saturated vapor pressure of and calcium and metal calcium begins to volatilize once the temperature reaches
This is consistent temperature, metal calcium begins to volatilize once the temperature reaches 1125 K
Summary
Porous titanium is a widely applicable material in the chemical, petroleum, and pharmaceutical industries due to the excellent properties it inherits from titanium and its alloys [1,2,3]. It is low density, and displays superior corrosion resistance, a high specific strength, and biocompatibility. Almost all reported methods to prepare porous titanium use titanium powder or titanium hydride as a raw material, and require the raw materials to have particular qualities like low oxygen content [14,15]. Porous titanium can be produced by various techniques, including the metal powder sintering technique [8,9], anodic oxidation technology [10], 3D printing technology [11], and spark plasma sintering technology [12,13].
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