Abstract
Effects of Buxus chinensis extract, Bacillus thuringiensis and nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) mixture on certain biological aspects of Spodoptera littoralis were studied against the 2nd and 4th larval instars of S. littoralis. The mixture of the three compounds was the most toxic against the 2nd and 4th instar larvae, where it caused high percentage of mortality, while B. thuringiensis (Dipel 2x) and nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) mixture induced a slight effect against the 2nd and 4th instars. Regarding the ethanolic extract of Buxus chinensis leaves, it was more effective than B. thuringiensis (Dipel 2x) or nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) in respect of pupal mortality and larval , pupal and adult duration. This plant extract also reduced the fecundity and fertility of females emerged from the treated larvae of S. littoralis.
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