Effect of brine pre-treatment on lipid stability of frozen horse mackerel ( Trachurus trachurus )

Abstract

The rancidity development during the frozen storage (-20 °C) of an under-utilised medium-fat fish species (horse mackerel; Trachurus trachurus) was investigated. Special attention was given to a pre-freezing treatment consisting of an immersion in NaCl solution (5%, 10%, and 20%) and its effect on lipid damage during the fish frozen storage. Lipid hydrolysis (free fatty acid content) and oxidation (conjugated dienes formation; peroxide value, PV; thiobarbituric acid index, TBA-i; fluorescence formation, FR) were studied up to 270 days of frozen storage. Oxidative rancidity measured by the PV, TBA-i, and FR showed an increase with the frozen storage time and also as a result of an increasing salt content in fish muscle. A high peroxide formation was observed at day 210 of frozen storage, especially in the case of 20% NaCl treated samples. Lipid hydrolysis also increased with the frozen storage time; at the end of the experiment (270 days), a decreasing effect of muscle salt content on lipid hydrolysis was observed. Employment of appropriate antioxidant additions is recommended if salting pre-treatment is to be needed to avoid a large lipid oxidation development and ensure a longer shelf-life time.