Effect of breeding chickens (gallus gallus l.) of the plymouth rock domestic meat cross “smena 9”

Zh V Emanuylova,A A Komarov,D N Efimov,A.V Egorova,I A Egorov,R.Z Abdulkhalikov

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202126202025

Abstract

The article is devoted to the assessment of the efficiency of se-lection of the initial lines of the Plymouth Rock breed of the domestic meat cross “Smena 9”. It was found that breeding of meat chickens of lines CM7 and CM9 (from 2016 to 2020) resulted in an increase in the live weight of the young, fleshing of the chest and legs at 35 days of age, the feed conver-sion for both cockerels and hens by 8.8-10.0%; 0.9-1.9% and 1.0-1.9%; 1.2-1.8%. In 2020, all juveniles of the paternal line CM7 at one day of age were the carriers of the marker gene K (100%), the maternal line Cm9 - the carriers of the marker gene K (100%). The accuracy of sexing of the maternal parental form CM79 is 99.7%. From one parental pair of the Smena 9 cross, 307.6 kg of meat was obtained, which is 14.2% higher than in the previous cross. The average daily gain of the final hybrid of the cross “Smen. 66 kg/kg; a 9” grown in the production conditions of the SGC “Smena” was 63.5 g; feed costs were at 1.66 kg/kg; preservation rate - 98.8%; the output of the pectoral muscles and the slaughter yield - 23.5 and 73.1% (against 56.3 and 71.4%). The bird of the cross “Smena 9” is competitive.

Highlights

Dynamic development of domestic poultry farming causes the necessity of constant creative search of ways and methods of enhancing the efficiency of poultry and the quality of its products [1,2,3].Intensive selection of highly productive chickens of meat crosses inevitably leads to a decrease in genotypic diversity in the original lines, which reduces the effect of selection to further increase the genetic potential of the bird
A feature of the breeding program for the creation of a cross of meat chickens with an autosex maternal parental form based on marker genes of slow and fast feathering was the selection of birds of the paternal line CM7 for fast feathering, and the maternal line CM9 for slow feathering
In the course of breeding meat chickens of lines CM7 and CM9, there was an increase in live weight of young birds, fleshing of the chest and legs at 35 days of age, feed conversion for both cockerels and chickens by 8.8-10.0%; 0.9-1.9% and 1.01.9%; 1.2-1.8%

Summary

Introduction

Dynamic development of domestic poultry farming causes the necessity of constant creative search of ways and methods of enhancing the efficiency of poultry and the quality of its products [1,2,3].Intensive selection of highly productive chickens of meat crosses inevitably leads to a decrease in genotypic diversity in the original lines, which reduces the effect of selection to further increase the genetic potential of the bird. After 7-8 years of in-depth breeding work with industrial crosses of meat chickens, it becomes necessary to include new traits in breeding programs that will increase the yield of broiler meat from layers of the parent flock [1,4,5]. The efficiency of breeders in the line, nucleus stock and breeder flocks is determined by the number of quality eggs obtained for incubation and quality chicks obtained from these eggs. This process begins from SGC, breeding farms, where pure lines are bred, enhanced and crossed. The gene flow travels through the breeder and breeder flocks to broilers On this path, there are numerous factors affecting the manifestation of traits determined by genes. The success of the pedigree and industrial poultry farming depends on continuous genetic enhancement and poultry creation at all levels of appropriate feeding conditions, housing, biosafety

Methods

Results

Conclusion