Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transp1antation on lung and heart damage in a rat model of monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The animals were randomly divided into 3 groups: control, PAH and BMSC implantation groups. Structural changes in the pulmonary vascular wall, such as the pulmonary artery lumen area (VA) and vascular area (TAA) were measured by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and the hemodynamics were detected by echocardiography. Two weeks post-operation, our results demonstrated that sublingual vein injection of BMSCs significantly attenuated the pulmonary vascular structural and hemodynamic changes caused by pulmonary arterial hypertension. The mechanism may be executed via paracrine effects.
Highlights
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disorder characterized by abnormally high blood pressure in the pulmonary artery caused by functional and structural alteration to the pulmonary vasculature resulting in an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance [1]
Bone marrow mesenchymal cells (BMSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells derived from fetal bone marrow, which have the ability to differentiate into bone, cartilage, muscle, bone marrow stroma, endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells [6,7] and other connective tissues
One week after MCT injection, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), mean right ventricular pressure (MRVP) and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP) were significantly elevated in the PAH group compared with the control (P
Summary
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disorder characterized by abnormally high blood pressure in the pulmonary artery caused by functional and structural alteration to the pulmonary vasculature resulting in an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance [1]. Numerous therapies have been proven useful in decreasing pulmonary arterial pressure, but an effective therapy for the long-term outcome in this disorder is lacking [2,3,4]. Bone marrow mesenchymal cells (BMSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells derived from fetal bone marrow, which have the ability to differentiate into bone, cartilage, muscle, bone marrow stroma, endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells [6,7] and other connective tissues. Studies suggest that BMSCs secrete a variety of growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) [8,9]. BMSC transplantation has become a potential therapy for PAH
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