Effect of Body Mass Index on Surgical Outcomes and Complications in Women Undergoing Laparoscopic Sacrocolpopexy

Abstract

<h3>Study Objective</h3> To compare the risk of intraoperative and perioperative complications and prolapse recurrence among normal-weight, overweight, and obese women after minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy and sacrohysteropexy for pelvic organ prolapse (POP). <h3>Design</h3> A retrospective study. <h3>Setting</h3> A pelvic reconstructive surgery unit. <h3>Patients or Participants</h3> Patients who had laparoscopic sacrocolpopexies and hysteropexies performed at a single center from July 2005 and December 2019. <h3>Interventions</h3> Laparoscopic sacrocolpopexies and hysteropexies. <h3>Measurements and Main Results</h3> The cohort was divided to three groups, according to body mass index (BMI). Patient demographics and clinical and surgical data were compared between the groups, using χ2 test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and logistic regression. Group 1- Normal (BMI 18- 25 kg/m²); Group 2- Overweight (BMI 25-30 kg/m²); Group 3- Obese (BMI >30 kg/m²). A total of 347women were included: group 1: mean BMI 22.1±2.0 kg/m² (n=217); group 2: mean BMI 27.2±2.4 kg/m² (n=106); group 3: mean BMI 33.0±3.1 kg/m² (n=24), (p<0.001). Patients with higher BMI had higher rates of comorbidities (group 1- 16.1%, group 2- 30.2%, group 3- 45.8%; p<0.001). Anatomical results (post-operative stage of prolapse) were comparable between the groups. Surgical outcome, including operative time, rate of complications, and rate of reoperation due to complications were similar between the groups. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy and/ or sacrohysteropexy is associated with low rates of perioperative and long- term complications. In our experience, the rate of complications and/ or long-term results are not affected by patients BMI.