Abstract
BackgroundTwo cultivars (Balady and Dukat) of dill plants were grown in the Experimental Farm Station of Agriculture Faculty, Cairo University, during two seasons of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. This investigation aims to determine the response of two dill cultivars to seven fertilizer treatments, i.e., control, 100% mineral fertilizer, 100% biofertilizer, 100% organic fertilizer, 50% organic fertilizer, 100% organic fertilizer with biofertilizer, and 50% organic fertilizer with biofertilizer. Data on plant height, leaf number, and some chemical composition such as antioxidant and nitrate accumulation were recorded in the vegetative growth stage.ResultsThe results demonstrated that dill cv. Dukat gave the highest plants (cm), maximum leaf number per plant, pigment content (mg/g), total carbohydrates (%), nitrogen, and phosphorus percentages in the vegetative growth stage. Meanwhile, dill cv. Balady recorded the maximum potassium percentage and low content of nitrate accumulation (mg/kg) in the vegetative growth stage. Both dill cultivars contained antioxidants without significant differences between them. The best fertilization treatments were 100% organic fertilization with biofertilizer and 100% chemical fertilizer for plant height (cm), leaf number per plant, pigment content, antioxidant percentage, total carbohydrate percentage, and N and P percentages of two dill genotypes. On the other hand, 50% organic fertilization with biofertilizers was recorded as the best treatment for nitrate accumulation and K percentage with two dill cultivars.ConclusionThese results prove that chemical fertilizers could be completely replaced by organic sources supplemented by NPK Symbion without any negative effect on dill vegetative growth and or nutrient contents.
Highlights
Dill (Anethum graveolens) is a biennial or annual herb of the Apiaceae or Umbelliferae family
Both mineral fertilizers (100%) and organic with biofertilizer (100%) treatments significantly increased plant height, leaf number per plant, and total carbohydrate percentage compared to other fertilizer, in both seasons
The shorter plant, minimum leaf number per plant, and minimum total carbohydrate percentage were obtained with the control and 50% organic fertilizer treatment, in both seasons, respectively
Summary
Dill (Anethum graveolens) is a biennial or annual herb of the Apiaceae or Umbelliferae family. The leaves could be used as food such as the popular food in Egypt Mahshe, salads, seafoods, and soups. Dill leaves provide good antioxidant activities (Singh et al 2005). Two cultivars (Balady and Dukat) of dill plants were grown in the Experimental Farm Station of Agriculture Faculty, Cairo University, during two seasons of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. This investigation aims to determine the response of two dill cultivars to seven fertilizer treatments, i.e., control, 100% mineral fertilizer, 100% biofertilizer, 100% organic fertilizer, 50% organic fertilizer, 100% organic fertilizer with biofertilizer, and 50% organic fertilizer with biofertilizer. Leaf number, and some chemical composition such as antioxidant and nitrate accumulation were recorded in the vegetative growth stage
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