Effect of Bio and Organic Fertilizers on Flowering,Yield, and Fruit Quality of Kalamata Olive Trees under North Sinai Condition

Abstract

Kalamata olive trees (Olea europea L.) about 10 -years- old of nearly moderate vigor and productivity grown in sandy loam soil were selected. The trees were planted at 6 × 7 m apart and under drip irrigation system during the two consecutive seasons of 2014-2015and 2015-2016 at the Experimental Station of the Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, North Sinai Governorate to study the effect of bio and organic fertilizers on olive trees all of them received regularly the annual horticultural practices as usually adopted in the orchards. The four organic fertilizer sources i.e. fish scrap 2.5 Kg/tree/ Year, goat manure 16.8 Kg/tree/ Year, chicken manure 7.8 Kg/tree/Year and olive pomace 8.5 Kg/tree, were applied annually in tranches. Three biofertilizers and amino acid treatments alone or combined with them i.e. Nitrobein 150 g.tree/Year in trenches, Protamine at concentration 1.5 % and dissolving in one liter of water then added to the soil at three times, at 70% full-bloom, after fruit set, and a month later and combination of Nitrobein + Protamine®. These treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates for each treatment and each replicate was represented by two trees. the use of organic fertilization, especially fish scrap, through the addition of bio-fertilization using nitrobein with amino acid protamine at a concentration of 1.5% combined. This treatment improved the production of high yield with characteristics and high quality of fruits in addition to protecting the environment from the problems of pollution resulting from mineral fertilization as well as the use of environmental waste.