Effect of Bias Magnetic Field on Magnetoelectric Characteristics in Magnetostrictive/Piezoelectric Laminate Composites

Abstract

The magnetoelectric (ME) characteristics for Terfenol-D/PZT laminate composite dependence on bias magnetic field is investigated. At low frequency, ME response is determined by the piezomagnetic coefficient <TEX>$d_{33,m}$</TEX> and the elastic compliance <TEX>$s_{33}^H$</TEX> of magnetostrictive material, <TEX>$d_{33,m}$</TEX> and <TEX>$s_{33}^H$</TEX> for Terfenol-D are inherently nonlinear and dependent on <TEX>$H_{dc}$</TEX>, leading to the influence of <TEX>$H_{dc}$</TEX> on low-frequency ME voltage coefficient. At resonance, the mechanical quality factor <TEX>$Q_m$</TEX> dependences on <TEX>$H_{dc}$</TEX> results in the differences between the low-frequency and resonant ME voltage coefficient with <TEX>$H_{dc}$</TEX>. In terms of <TEX>${\Delta}E$</TEX> effect, the resonant frequency shift is derived with respect to the bias magnetic field. Considering the nonlinear effect of magnetostrictive material and <TEX>$Q_m$</TEX> dependence on <TEX>$H_{dc}$</TEX>c, it predicts the low-frequency and resonant ME voltage coefficients as a function of the dc bias magnetic field. A good agreement between the theoretical results and experimental data is obtained and it is found that ME characteristics dependence on <TEX>$H_{dc}$</TEX> are mainly influenced by the nonlinear effect of magnetostrictive material.