Abstract
Brittleness is one of the most significant properties of geomaterials. However, very few studies have been conducted on factors influencing the rock brittleness indices. In this paper, conventional triaxial compression tests were carried out to investigate the effects of confining pressure and bedding angle on the brittleness of slate. From the perspective of energy, brittleness is an index that could reflect the release rate of energy that accumulated in the slate under the effect of external energy after reaching peak strength. Therefore, a new brittleness index of slate based on postpeak energy release is proposed herein. The applicability of this index is illustrated by comparing with other five existing brittleness indices. The following results can be obtained. (1) The confining pressure exerts a great influence on the brittleness of slate. With the increase of confining pressure, the brittleness of slate decreases significantly. The dispersion of brittleness values of slate declines with increasing confining pressure. (2) There is a parabolic relationship between slate brittleness and bedding angle. As bedding angle increases, the brittleness is intensified and reaches its maximum at a bedding angle of about 45° and then decreases gradually. (3) In contrast to the previous indices, the brittleness index proposed in this paper can describe the whole process of the postpeak stage through an index of the energy release, which makes this measure more suitable for rock that has the characteristics of step-drop or bench-drop at the postpeak stage.
Highlights
Brittleness is one of the most significant mechanical properties of geological materials [1]
(3) In contrast to the previous indices, the brittleness index proposed in this paper can describe the whole process of the postpeak stage through an index of the energy release, which makes this measure more suitable for rock that has the characteristics of step-drop or bench-drop at the postpeak stage
From the conventional triaxial compression tests of slate (Section 3), it can be seen that the stressstain curves of slate indicate different types of postpeak behaviors; considering only the two points of compressive strength and residual strength, it is difficult to describe the brittleness of slate, for two points cannot reflect the true postpeak behavior with sufficient accuracy
Summary
Brittleness is one of the most significant mechanical properties of geological materials [1]. Brittleness indices are widely used in rock engineering. Some brittle rock, such as granite, has outstanding applications in geological engineering due to its stability [6]. The failure process of brittle rock generally releases a lot of energy and leads to dynamic disasters in rock engineering. The failure of brittle rock in deep underground excavation projects regularly triggers rockbursts [11, 12], and the mining process in deep coal mines with hard surrounding rock might induce coal bumps [13, 14]
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