Effect of BAP and 2,4-D on callus induction of Jatropha curcas in vitro

Abstract

Abstract. Andaryani S, Samanhudi, Yunus A. 2019. Effect of BAP and 2,4-D on callus induction of Jatropha curcas in vitro. Cell Biol Dev 3: 56-65. The aim of this study was to obtain appropriate concentrations of Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) to increase callus induction in vitro using shoot explants of Jatropha curcas L. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia, from July to August 2010. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with two treatment factors and three replications. The first factor is the level of BAP concentration, namely: 0.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 1.5 ppm, and 2 ppm. The second factor is the concentration of 2,4-D, namely: 0 ppm, 0.25 ppm, 0.5 ppm, and 0.75 ppm. Observation variables included callus emergence time, callus color, callus texture, root emergence time, number of roots, shoot emergence time, number of shoots, leaf emergence time, number of leaves, and callus fresh weight. Qualitative data are presented descriptively. Quantitative data includes callus fresh weight data, which was analyzed for variance based on the 5% F test and continued with the DMRT test at the 5% level. The results showed that the combination of 2 ppm BAP treatment and 0.25 ppm 2,4-D was the fastest in inducing callus, 5.67 Days After Planting (DAP). All the resulting calluses have a crumb texture. The average callus color in all treatment combinations was yellowish-green. Only the treatment combination of 1 ppm BAP without 2,4-D could produce roots at 9 DAP. The combination of 0.5 ppm BAP treatment and 0.25 ppm 2,4-D was the fastest to produce shoots, 6 DAP. The fastest leaf emergence was obtained in the 1 ppm BAP treatment without 2,4-D, 11 DAP. The combination of 2 ppm BAP treatment and 0.5 ppm 2,4-D resulted in the largest callus fresh weight (2.56 g).