Effect of bandaging techniques on sub‐bandage pressures in the equine distal limb, carpus, and tarsus

Abstract

To determine the influence of 3 types of bandages on sub-bandage pressures over the distal limb, carpus, and tarsus. Observational study. Eight healthy horses. Each of the 6 following bandages was applied on each horse in randomized order: (1) distal limb compression bandage (DLC), (2) double layer bandage (DL), (3) inner sanctum bandage (IS), (4) carpal compression bandage (CC), (5) tarsal compression bandage (TC), and (6) adhesive elastic carpal bandage (C-ELA). Sub-bandage pressures were measured with the Picopress compression measuring system (Microlab Electonica, Nicolo, Italy) after bandage application. Carpal and tarsal bandage pressures were assessed before and after walking the horses approximately 50 m. TC pressures were also measured after creating a slit over the calcaneus. A generalized linear model was used to test the association of pressure with sensor location, bandage type, time, and potential interactions (P < .05). DLC (165 mmHg) and IS (167 mmHg) generated greater mean combined pressures compared with DL (146 mmHg; P = .0166). At application, CC (154 mmHg) created higher mean combined sub-bandage pressure compared with C-ELA (70 mmHg; P < .001). Pressures resulting from CC and TC decreased after walking (P < .001), whereas those associated with C-ELA were not affected. Variations to the standard DLC construct did not increase sub-bandage pressures. CC and TC pressures rapidly decreased with ambulation, whereas C-ELA pressures in healthy horses were not affected by walking. Variations to the standard DLC offer no additional benefit in regards to increasing sub-bandage pressures. Carpal elastic bandages maintain sub-bandage pressures during ambulation and may be more appropriate for long term bandaging in ambulating horses. Creating a slit over the calcaneal tuber in TC bandages is discouraged due to rapid decreases in sub-bandage pressure.