Abstract
The main objective of this study was to determine effect of exopolysaccharide (EPS) from bacteria on formation of milk gel. Milk gel was made from 10%, 15% and 20% Reconstituted Skim Milk (RSM). EPS at different concentrations (0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8% and 1.0% according to our previous study) were added to RSM, heated at 60°C for 30 minute and 85°C for 30 second and cooled to 5°C before viscosity and pH were examined using viscometer and pH-meter. Viscosity was dependent on the concentrations of skim milk, increasing as the concentration of RSM increased. Lower concentration of EPS, viscosity showed a slight increase, but at 0.4% EPS, viscosity of milk gel increased rapidly and continued to increase up to 1%. Microstructure was determined using scanning electron microscope to evaluated milk gel formation. Interaction between milk protein and EPS was showed as network aggregate one and another. EPS function as binding agent between one molecule of casein and another. These results indicated that EPS could use to increase quality of milk gel. °
Highlights
Many processing problems, such as low viscosity or high syneresis, which occur during milk product manufacture, are often solved by increasing the total solid or adding stabilizers, such as modified starch, carrageenan, guar gum, pectin, gelatin and sodium caseinate
EPS extracted from Alcaligenes faecalis var. myxogenes were added to Reconstituted Skim Milk (RSM) in different concentration (0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8% and 1.0%)
The term “milk gel” refers to EPS was suspended in reconstituted skim milk and treaded by heat treatment to form gel before cooling
Summary
Many processing problems, such as low viscosity or high syneresis, which occur during milk product manufacture, are often solved by increasing the total solid or adding stabilizers, such as modified starch, carrageenan, guar gum, pectin, gelatin and sodium caseinate. Some feel that these addictives adversely affect the true milk product (yoghurt, cheese, ice cream) taste, aroma and mouth feel. The name exopolysaccharide (EPS) is a general term for all these form of bacterial polysaccharide found outside the cell wall (Sutherland, 1977). EPS isolated from bacteria have been claimed to have antitumor activity. On the other hand a number of polysaccharide bacteria indicated have potent inhibitory effect on AIDS infection (Yoon et al, 1996). Microbial polysaccharides are produced as food addictive that can use as stabilizer in fermented milk and increase the quality of milk product (Malaka, 1997)
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