Effect of Backward Walking on Treadmill with Inclination in Individuals with Forward Head Posture: A Comparative Study

Abstract

Abstract Background: Forward head posture (FHP) is one of the most common postural abnormalities found in undergraduates (18–30 years), with a prevalence rate of 73%. If the cervical spine is held in a protracted position, such as hyperextension of the upper cervical spine (C1-C3) and flexion of the lower cervical spine (C4-C7), it can cause changes in head posture, eventually leading to FHP. Aims: This study aimed to determine the effect of backward walking (BW) on the surface and on treadmill with inclination in individuals with FHP. Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare the effect of surface BW and BW on treadmill with inclination on the craniovertebral angle (CVA) and gait outcomes in individuals with FHP. Materials and Methods: Sixty-two participants were recruited and randomly assigned to the surface BW group (n = 31) and BW on treadmill with inclination (n = 31). Participants fulfilled the pre- and postassessment with a 2 weeks (three times per week) intervention of BW in conjunction with conventional exercises. The CVA was measured using Markus Bader ruler software. Gait outcomes were assessed using Neurocom Balance Master, walk across component was selected. Results: The present study implemented statistical tests such as paired t-test and unpaired t-test for the recorded data. Conclusion: BW has shown a significant difference in the CVA and some components of gait outcomes in within the group analysis, whereas in between the group analysis, there is a significant difference in some gait outcomes.