Effect of auxin (2,4-D) and cytokinin (BAP) in callus induction of local patchouli plants (Pogostemon cablin Benth.)

Abstract

Patchouli propagates only through vegetative because patchouli has no flowers, so generative propagation is not possible. Traditionally patchouli plants are propagated by using stem cuttings. Alternative methods for vegetative propagation of superior, healthy, and relatively short seedlings can be done through tissue culture techniques, which can reproduce clones with identical genetic in a short time. The success of propagation in vitro is determined by many factors, including growth regulators used. Growth regulators which are often used in tissue culture to initiate callus and increase the production of secondary metabolites (organogenesis) are auxins and cytokinins. The purpose of this study was to determine the best concentration of 2,4-D and BAP in the formation of patchouli callus in vitro. Research methods arranged in a completely randomized design and ex-plants derived from local patchouli plants namely Situak. The results showed that in many concentrations of 2,4 D and BAP to callus induction. Callus formed from giving concentrations in combination without 2,4 D and 1,0 mg/l BAP, concentrations of 1,0 mg/l 2,4-D and 1,0 mg/l BAP, concentrations of 1,5 mg/l 2,4-D and 1,0 mg/l BAP, and concentrations of 2,0 mg/l 2,4-D and 1,0 mg/l BAP.