Effect of association of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and antibiotic agents with calcium hydroxide pastes on their cytotoxicity and biocompatibility.

Abstract

Evaluate the cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of calcium hydroxide paste [Ca (OH)2] associated with 5% diclofenac sodium, ibuprofen, or amoxicillin. Pre-osteoblast-like cells were cultivated and the MTT test was used to determine the cytotoxicity of the paste extracts after time intervals of 24, 48, 72h, and 7days. Tubes containing Ca (OH)2 pastes associated with the drugs and empty tubes were implanted in subcutaneous tissue of 30 rats. After 7 and 30days, the specimens were removed and submitted to histological analysis. The data obtained were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (p ≤ 0.05). All the Ca (OH)2 pastes promoted cell viability after all periods. At 7days, there was greater inflammatory tissue reaction adjacent to the implants. At 30days, there was a significant reduction in the number of inflammatory cells, and increase in fibroblasts in all groups. In this period, a lower number of inflammatory cells and a higher number of fibroblasts were observed in the capsules adjacent to the association with diclofenac, when compared with the other mixtures (p ≤ 0.05); the capsule thickness was greater at 7days than at 30days. The Ca (OH)2 pastes associated with the drugs were not cytotoxic and presented biocompatibility after implantation in rat subcutaneous tissues. Ca (OH)2 pastes with anti-inflammatory or antibiotic may be clinical alternatives as intracanal medication to reduce resistant microorganisms in root canal system.