Abstract
The effects of ultrasonic and ozonation pretreatments on organic solubilization, anaerobic biodegradability, and biogas production were elucidated in this study. Two pretreatment methods for batch anaerobic digestion for biogas recovery with the same material and experimental conditions were the focus for comparison. Anaerobic digestion experiments were conducted at ambient temperature with the solid retention time set to 25 days. The obtained results indicated that the soluble chemical oxygen demand increased from 0.344 without pretreatment to 1.023 and 1.228 g/L with ultrasound and ozone pretreatments, respectively, whereas the yields of biogas production in the 25 days increased by 32.3 and 52.9% via ultrasonic irradiation and ozonation relative to the control case, respectively. The biodegradability of the organic compounds of the samples for the cases of ultrasound, ozone pretreatments, and control achieved 55.9, 64.31, and 39.18%, respectively, in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies. The physicochemical characteristics of sludge flocs were investigated via scanning with particle sizes, which were obviously affected by pretreatments of sonication and ozonation, resulting in finer particles than in the control case.
Highlights
The waste sludge generated in the wastewater treatment process—which contains organic materials, toxic substances such as pathogens, heavy metals, and other contaminants—can cause environmental damage and affect public health
The sludge characteristics of the control and pretreated samples were analyzed with regard to the chemical oxygen demand (COD), SCOD, total solid (TS), and volatile solid (VS)
This study demonstrated that ultrasound- and ozone-assisted sludge pretreatments can enhance anaerobic biodegradability and biogas production
Summary
The waste sludge generated in the wastewater treatment process—which contains organic materials, toxic substances such as pathogens, heavy metals, and other contaminants—can cause environmental damage and affect public health. Sludge treatment increases the total operating costs of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) by up to 50% [1]. Kothari et al [3] completed a review of the options available to overcome these situations from a worldwide viewpoint, which promotes energy production from different wastes, such as those derived from industrial, agricultural, and domestic sources. Depending on the technology used and kind of waste, there are many distinct methods that can be used to recover the energy. Munster and Lund [4] suggested that anaerobic digestion (AD) is one of the best alternative technologies for energy production from organic matter
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