Abstract
Asam kandis (Garcinia cowa Roxb) fruit has been reported to contain phytochemicals such as xanthon, hydroxy cytric acid and flavonoids that have various activities such as antimicrobial and antioxidant. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of asam kandis extract addition in drinking water on the quality of quail eggs. Ninety nine laying quails of 59 days of age were divided into 3 treatments and 3 replications with 11 laying quails in each replication. Completely Randomized Design was used and the treatments were: T1= control (drinking water without asam kandis extract), T2= drinking water with asam kandis extract at pH 4, T3= drinking water with asam kandis extract at pH 3. The parameters observed were egg weight, egg shape index, yolk color, yolk percentage, albumen percentage, eggshell percentage, shell thickness, and haugh unit score. The data obtained were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and significant differences among treatments means were tested by Duncans multiple test. The the addition of asam kandis extract did not affect (P0.05) on egg weight, egg shape index, yolk color, yolk percentage, albumen percentage, eggshell percentage, and haugh unit score. The addition of asam kandis extract in drinking water at pH 3 significantly (P0.05) increased eggshell thickness compare to that of other treatments. The conclusion was the addition of asam kandis extract in drinking water at pH 3 increased eggshell thickness without decreasing egg quality.
Highlights
Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) is one of the poultry commodities that has potential as animal protein sources because it has a higher protein content than chicken eggs (Thomas et al, 2016)
It is concluded that the addition of asam kandis extract in drinking water at pH 3 resulted in the highest eggshell thickness and the addition of asam kandis extract up to pH 4 did not influence the negative impact on egg weight, egg shape index, yolk color, yolk percentage, albumen percentage, eggshell percentage, and Haugh unit score
The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test showed that the addition of asam kandis extract did not affect (P>0.05) egg weight, egg shape index, yolk color, yolk percentage, albumen percentage, eggshell percentage, and Haugh unit score
Summary
Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) is one of the poultry commodities that has potential as animal protein sources because it has a higher protein content than chicken eggs (Thomas et al, 2016). Farming of laying quail in the tropics causes heat stress which can reduce egg production and economic losses. Heat stress affects the synthesis, stability, and enzyme activity (Tamzil et al, 2014) increases respiration rate, decreases feed consumption and egg quality (Barrett et al, 2019). Measurement of physical egg quality is important for both poultry breeders and consumers. According to Sanbeta et al (2015), egg quality greatly affects consumer acceptance. Bobbo et al (2013), reported that the decline in the quality of eggs caused 7-8% of the total of eggs that are broken through the transfer from the production to the consumer. It is necessary to make efforts to overcome the effect of heat stress on quail to maintain egg quality. One of the efforts that can be done is by providing natural compounds as antioxidants and acidifiers through drinking water
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