Abstract
With easy-to-process 3D printing materials and fast production, the quality of dental services can be improved. In the conventional procedure, the dentist makes temporary crowns directly in the patient’s mouth, e.g., from the most commonly used bis-acrylic composites. Temporary crowns made directly in the office without the use of CAD/CAM are often of inferior quality, which directly results in impaired hygiene, poorer masticatory mechanics, greater deposition of plaque, calculus and sediment, and may adversely affect periodontal and gum health. The mechanical strength, resistance to aging and abrasion of 3D printing materials are higher than those of the soft materials used in conventional methods. This translates into durability. The patient leaves the surgery with a restoration of higher utility quality compared to the conventional method. The objective of the paper was to determine the influence of aging in artificial saliva of AM (additive manufacturing) orthodontic composites on their functional properties. For the purpose of the study, fillings well-known worldwide were selected. These were traditional UV-curable resins (M I, M II, M III, M V) and a hybrid material based on a UV-curable resin (M VI). Samples were stored in artificial saliva at 37 ± 1 °C in a thermal chamber for 6 months. Indentation hardness, frictional tests and sliding wear measurements were conducted. A comparison between various materials was made. Descriptive statistics, degradation coefficients, H2E, Archard wear and specific wear rate were calculated. The Weibull statistical test for indentation hardness was performed and Hertzian contact stresses for the frictional association were calculated for unaged (M I, M II, M III, M V, M VI) and aged (M I AS, M II AS, M III AS, M V AS, M VI AS) samples. M I exhibited the lowest average hardness among the unaged materials, while M III AS had the lowest average hardness among the aged materials. Comparably low hardness was demonstrated by the M I AS material. The coefficient of friction values for the aged samples were found to be higher. The lowest wear value was demonstrated by the M I material. The wear resistance of most of the tested materials deteriorated after aging. The M VI AS material had the highest increase in wear. According to the results provided, not only the chemical composition and structure, but also aging have a great impact on the indentation hardness and wear resistance of the tested orthodontic materials.
Highlights
Dental treatment is often multi-step in nature and requires long-term temporary restorations intended for use over a period of several weeks to several months
It was assumed that the purpose of this study is to evaluate the long-term effect of artificial saliva and temperature simulating physiological oral cavity conditions on the surface of Digital light processing (DLP)
The research described in this article investigates the effects of long-term storage in artificial saliva on the indentation hardness and abrasive wear of composite materials used for temporary CAD/CAM prosthetic and orthodontic restorations
Summary
Dental treatment is often multi-step in nature and requires long-term temporary restorations intended for use over a period of several weeks to several months. The patient can adapt to the planned shape and cavity of the teeth with easy-to-manufacture 3D-printed crowns, which is important in the case of rehabilitation of the entire masticatory organ and occlusal reconstruction (Figure 1d–f) This solution allows the patient to function and bite normally immediately after the procedure while the dental implants heal, which usually takes 4–9 months. The therapeutic position determines the mutual positioning of the teeth to stabilize the mandibular alignment in all planes This requires long-term use of temporary crowns or onlays (with or without tooth preparation) to reprogram the masticatory muscles and adapt the temporomandibular joint to its new normal position. This type of restoration is used in the treatment of MLD (mandibular lateral displacement/deviation), in the repositioning of the TMJ disc, in the treatment of asymmetrical or symmetrical compressions and distractions of the temporomandibular joint
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