Effect of arginine supplementation on growth performance, lipid profile, and inflammatory responses of broiler chicks challenged with coccidiosis

Abstract

Avian coccidiosis causes inflammation and decreases growth performance in poultry. Arginine alleviates inflammation and improves growth performance. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different levels of arginine on growth performance, lipid profile, and inflammatory responses in broiler chicks challenged with Eimeria spp. A total of 384 one-d-old broiler chicks were assigned into eight groups and six replications per group. At 21 days of age, a mixture of Eimeria species was used for induction of challenge in the broiler chicks. Broiler chicks were divided into infected and uninfected groups and received arginine at 85, 100, 125, and 150 % of recommended level. Growth performance, serum nitric oxide (NO), pro-inflammatory cytokines, lipid profile, and faecal oocyst were further assessed. Broiler chicks challenged with coccidiosis showed lower growth performance compared to non-challenged broiler chicks in grower and finisher periods; however, those fed diets containing 125 and 150 % arginine showed better growth performance compared to broiler chicks fed with 85 and100 % levels. The challenged broiler chicks showed higher concentrations for serum NO, lipid profile, and pro-inflammatory cytokines in comparison to uninfected ones. Nevertheless, adding arginine into diet at 125 and 150 % levels increased the levels of serum NO and decreased the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, higher levels of arginine caused anti-inflammatory effects in broiler chicks challenged with coccidiosis.