Abstract
Pulsed welding (20kHz, 40kHz) created arc constriction compared with conventional arc welding (CAW). The core region of the arc plasma increased by 43.7–51.5%, which was considered as the energy concentration. The arc force enhanced by 42.9–57.1%, compared with 2.8mN of CAW. The arc behavior greatly impacted the characteristics of the Ti-6Al-4V welds. The microstructures and mechanical properties were optimized. The grain size decreased by about 30% in the fusion zone (FZ), and parallel martensite α′ can be found in the coarse grain region (CGR). The elongation increased by 68% (20kHz) and 38% (40kHz), and the area reduction rate increased by 180%. Frequencies at 20–40kHz were found to be the best range for Ti-6Al-4V welding.
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