Abstract
An experiment was conducted in pots under natural conditions in alkaline calcareous soil to determine wheat (Triticum aestivum L. c.v. Atta Habib) yield and P uptake as influenced by Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation with compost prepared from fresh animal dung and rock phosphate. Data indicated that wheat grain, shoot and roots yields increased significantly (P ≤ 0.05) by inoculation of commercial mycorrhiza (AMF-II) and half dose of compost. Grain yield increased by 43% and 37%, shoot by 43% and 39% and roots yield by 51% and 45% over control of N and K fertilizers. Straw yield was maximum as 5075 kg·ha-1 in the treatment of AMF-II inoculation with full dose of compost, which was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher as 44% and 40% over control of N and K fertilizers. Maximum and significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher plant N and P uptake by wheat were observed in the treatment inoculated by indigenous mycorrhiza (AMF-I) with full dose of compost followed by the inoculation of AMF-II with full dose of compost and SSP treatment. Maximum and significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased soil spores’ density of AMF by 26 spores per 20 g soil with maximum roots infection intensity in wheat were observed by the inoculation of AMF-I with full dose of compost. The AMF-II is slightly better than AMF-I regarding grain, shoot and root yield, whereas AMF-I is better in N, P uptake, soil spore density and their root infection intensity than AMF-II. Alone inoculation and compost application increase the yield and nutrients uptake but the highest improvement was observed with inoculation of AMF with compost. Results suggest that inoculation of AMF with compost has potential to improve wheat yields and plants’ P uptake under given soil conditions.
Highlights
Mycorrhiza is the root fungi, which makes symbiotic association with roots of most crops and forest trees
The ANOVA revealed that grain shoot, root and straw yields were significantly enhanced over control with application of rock phosphate (RP) enriched compost, and both sources of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculated alone or in combination with composts at both levels (Table 1)
Combining AMF-I and AMF inoculation (AMF-II) with half compost produced yield of 3150 and 3300 kg∙ha−1 which were 37% and 43 % higher than control
Summary
Mycorrhiza is the root fungi, which makes symbiotic association with roots of most crops and forest trees. The prominent parts of Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi are hyphae, arbuscules and vesicles. The hyphae are non-septate when young ramify within the cortex. The arbuscules, lying in the root cells of the plant, are mainly responsible for transfer of nutrients from fungus to plants. Root internal hyphae can release nutrients to the host plant. The vesicles are storage structures of mycorrhiza found in many fungal species
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