Effect of aqueous extracts of some indigenous medicinal plants on sheath blight of rice

Mm Islam,Ms Monjil

doi:10.3329/jbau.v14i1.30589

Abstract

Aqueous extract of some indigenous plant parts were evaluated for its efficacy to control sheath blight of rice. Six treatments were applied, viz. T1- control (water spray), T2- Tulsi (Ocientific tenuiflorum) extract (1:10), T3- Nishinda (Vitex negundu) extract (1:10), T4- Thankuni (Centella asiatica) extracts (1:10), T5- Biskatali (Polygonum hydropiper) extract (1:10) and T6- Proud (Propiconazole @ 0.2%) as a positive control. Effect of these plant extracts on percent tiller infection and percent relative lesion height of sheath blight of rice cultivar BRRI dhan 49 was determined at 55, 75 and 95 day after transplanting (DAT). Number of infected tillers per hill differed significantly among the different treatments. The highest number of infected tillers was observed in control treatment. The lowest and statistically similar number of infected tillers was found in fungicide, Proud (Propiconazole)- and Biskatali- treated plots. Reduced number of infected tillers was observed in Tulsi, Thankuni and Nishinda. Highest percent tiller infection was recorded in control and lowest percent tiller infection was recorded in Proud and Biskatali, which were statistically similar. Nishinda, Tulsi and Thankuni had reduced tiller infection in compare to control. Percent reduction of tiller infection over control was achieved by proud followed by Biskatali. The highest lesion height was observed in control and lowest lesion height was found in Proud followed by Biskatali. The highest percent relative lesion height was recorded in control followed by Thankuni. The lowest percent relative lesion height was recorded in Proud preceded by Biskatali. Highest percent reduction of relative lesion height over control was achieved by proud followed by Biskatali. Thus, plant extracts of Biskatali, Tulsi, Nishinda and Thankuni are effective to control sheath blight of rice. Among the plant extracts, Biskatali showed highest control of sheath blight disease of rice.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 14(1): 7-12, June 2016

Highlights

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important staple crops for a large part of the world’s population, mainly in East, Southeast and South Asia (FAO, 2010)
At 55 day after transplanting (DAT) (Table 1), highest number of tillers per hill was found in Biskatali (T5, 10.37) followed by Proud (T6, 9.67) and lowest number of tillers per hill was found in Tulsi (T2, 7.40) followed by control treatment (T1, 7.67)
The effect of different plant extracts on number of tillers per hill, number of infected tillers per hill and percent tiller infection of sheath blight of rice cultivar BRRI dhan 49 was estimated at three different time points of 55, 75 and 95 day after transplanting (DAT)

Summary

Introduction

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important staple crops for a large part of the world’s population, mainly in East, Southeast and South Asia (FAO, 2010). Yield losses due to diseases and pests are one of the major constraints in rice production. Rice crop is suffered by more than 40 diseases among which sheath blight is considered important fungal disease at various parts of rice growing areas of the world. Sheath blight disease of rice caused by Rhizoctonia solani occurs in all rice growing areas worldwide (Ou, 1985; Savary et al 2006). Sheath blight may cause up to a 50% decrease in the rice yield under favourable conditions around the world (Zheng et al 2013)

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