Effect of aqueous extract of Stachytarpheta indica leaves on glycaemia of rabbits

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Methods: For this study, the aqueous maceration of the leaves was subjected to a tri-phytochemical scanning by the conventional method proposed by the OAU (1985) followed by the evaluation of the antihyperglycemic activity on rabbits, some of which have been rendered hyperglycemic by gavage at a dose of 4 g / l glucose solution. The blood sugar of each rabbit was noted before and after gavage. These rabbits were organized into 8 homogeneous lots of 3, with 3 normoglycemic lots. These latter lots were treated with distilled water and the extract at 0.25 and 40 mg / ml, respectively. The hyperglycemic lots received 40, 10 and 2.5 mg / ml of extracts and 0.25 mg / ml of glibenclamide, respectively. The volume of solution per gavage is 0.6 ml per 20 grams of body weight of rabbit. Blood glucose levels of each rabbit were noted every 30 minutes for 180 minutes. Results: The results obtained show that the macerated contains total alkaloids, quinonics and saponosides. For blood glucose, the basal mean was 1.02 g / L ± 0.08. This mean, in hyperglycemic rabbits, reached 1.40 g / l ± 0.06. Gavage of glibenclamide lowered hyperglycemia to approximately 0.80 g / L after 180 min. The 40 mg / ml extract reduced hyperglycemia by 40% and that of glibenclamide stabilized at 58%. Glibenclamide 0.25 mg / ml and extract 40 mg / ml had a significant hypoglycaemic effect in rabbits. Conclusion: Herbal medicine has produced hypoglycemic effect, certainly this activity could be linked to the presence of alkaloids in the extract, constituents which may be active as an antidiabetic.