Abstract
The dynamic drainage process of the liquid film trapped between an air bubble and a flat silica surface over a wide range of hydrodynamic conditions is studied by a newly developed instrument called integrated thin liquid film force apparatus (ITLFFA) under different salt concentrations. The ITLFFA allows the simultaneous measurement of interaction forces and spatiotemporal film thickness with accurate control of bubble approach velocity in a large range of Reynolds number from 0.005 to 135. Our study demonstrates that increasing the bubble approach velocity plays a significant role in the hydrodynamic pressure and fluid flow within the draining film promoting dimple formation and longer drainage time. The drainage time also depends on the competition between the electrical double-layer and van der Waals interactions, which are repulsive in our system, resulting in a flat equilibrium film at the end. The evolution of the draining film is analyzed using the Stokes–Reynolds–Young–Laplace (SRYL) model. Compa...
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