Abstract
Poor low temperature performance of Li-ion batteries is considered as one of the major technical issues restricting their wide application in stationary energy storage systems and energy sources for transportation systems, including electric vehicles. The low temperature deactivates all main reaction steps, such as ionic diffusion/conduction in the electrolyte, Li+ transport through a solid electrolyte interface layer, interfacial charge transfer, and solid state lithium ion diffusion, leading to a remarkably lower kinetics [1]. These losses are even more manifested in case of aqueous rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (ARLBs) due to the higher freezing point of water, although, at room temperature the fast lithium diffusion in aqueous electrolyte media allows for the operations under high electric current conditions. In this work, we report on investigation of low temperature performance of an aqueous rechargeable battery based on Zn/LiFePO4 system developed in our group [2]. At room temperature, this battery exhibits a superior rate capability with 72 mAh g-1 and 45 mAh g-1 at 30 and 60 C cycling rates, respectively. However, such excellent kinetics could be remarkably reduced at temperatures close and below the solvent (water) freezing temperature, as it can be seen from Fig. 1. Therefore, the effect of addition of antifreezes, such as ethylene glycol or propylene glycol, on the low temperature performance of Zn/LiFePO4 aqueous battery was investigated using galvanostatic charge discharge, ac impedance spectroscopy and other methods. The further details of this work will be reported at the Meeting. References D.P. Abraham, J.R. Heaton, S.-H. Kang, D.W. Dees, A.N. Jansen, J. Electrochem. Soc. 155, A41, (2008).N. Yesbolati, N. Umirov, A. Koishybay, M. Omarova, I. Kurmanbayeva, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhao, Z. Bakenov, Electrochimica Acta, 152 (2015) 505. Acknowledgements This research was supported by a Research Grant from Nazarbayev University. Figure 1
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