Abstract
To study the repair of bone defect filled with autograft or bovine bone devitalized matrix in rats under anti-inflammatory action. Two hundred and forty Wistar rats were distributed to two groups of 120 animals each. A 2mm-diameter defect was created in the femoral diaphysis. Animals of Group I had the bone defect filled with autograft and those of Group II, with bovine bone devitalized matrix. Animals of each group were redistributed to four subgroups according to the intramuscular administration of anti-inflammatory drug or saline solution: A - diclofenac sodium; B - dexamethasone; C - meloxicam; D - saline solution. Evaluation periods were 7, 14 and 30 days. Histological evaluation consisted of quantifying the inflammatory process, the bone neoformation, the collagen formation and the presence of macrophages. Animals of Group I did not show significant difference considering inflammatory reaction. Significant and progressive increase of bone neoformation was observed in both groups. The animals that received meloxicam and autograft showed less collagen formation at 14 and 30 days. The number of macrophages was higher in Group II than in Group I. The animals treated with dexamethasone and saline solution did not show statistically significant difference. Diclofenac sodium and meloxicam delayed bone graft repair and dexamethasone did not interfere in it.
Highlights
In orthopedics, repair of bone defects is frequently difficult because a fast growth of connective tissue inside them impedes the formation of bone tissue, making bone graft the classical method of treatment in anatomofunctional reconstruction[2,3]
The present experiment used 240 adult male WistarEPM rats, which were randomly distributed to two groups: Group I, in which the standardized bone defect was filled with autogenous bone graft, and Group II, in which the standardized bone defect was filled with bovine bone devitalized matrix
More intense inflammatory reaction was observed at all periods in the animals of Group II, in which bone defect was filled with bovine bone devitalized matrix (Figures 1 and 2)
Summary
Repair of bone defects is frequently difficult because a fast growth of connective tissue inside them impedes the formation of bone tissue, making bone graft the classical method of treatment in anatomofunctional reconstruction[2,3]. The use of autogenous bone graft presents as limitation an inadequate amount when the donor source is scarce. Studies on bone graft and reparative osteogenesis have been focused on the search for substitutes for autogenous bone or pharmacological factors and agents that interfere in such processes. A comparative study on implants of devitalized bovine bone, autogenous bone, coral hydroxyapatite and castor-oil polyurethane in standardized bone defects of femoral condyles in rabbits demonstrated that bovine devitalized matrix implant has osteoconductive property, it causes more intense inflammatory reaction and presents minor osteogenic potential as well as slower bone tissue recovery, when compared to autogenous bone graft, which demonstrated greater osteogenic potential and less intense inflammatory reaction[3].
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