Effect of antenna height and distance on attenuation for point to point wave propagation

Abstract

It is known that propagation across line-of-sight using microwave just fits two adjacent points that are not far apart but not practical for linking two points far apart on Earth This is due to the reason of the curvature of the Earth's surface as required by the need to communicate over long distances. Communication between two points which a fair distance apart on earth surface using two antennas will depend on the antenna heights as s well as distance between the antennas and the used frequency of transmission, taking into account the media condition separating the transmitter and the receiver, whether it is dry environment, humid or sea level. The purpose of this paper is to find the effect of attenuation on wave propagation between the transmitting and receiving antennas, considering the length of a link, transmitting antenna height and reception antenna height. The MATLAB is the environment used to simulate the effect of the attenuation on the satellite wave propagation taking into account the above mentioned parameters, link length and transmit and receive antenna height. The obtained results show that attenuation drops with antenna heights in general but some heights give better results and attenuation fluctuation increases with frequency i.e the higher the frequency the higher the attenuation.