Abstract

This paper evaluates the performance of anisotropic yield functions based on mathematical methods which consider the prediction accuracy of yield stresses and R-values. The anisotropic yield functions being evaluated include one quadratic yield function and six non-quadratic ones. These yield functions are applied to describe the anisotropy of steel sheets and aluminum alloy sheets to evaluate their predictability. The root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) are computed to quantitatively assess their performance. The computation results of RMSEs demonstrate that the Yld2004-18p yield function exhibits the highest accuracy but requires extensive tests to calculate anisotropic parameters. The Yld2000-2d and BBC2000 yield functions are the same and thus have the same prediction accuracy. The application to cylindrical cup drawing shows that, associated with the Yld2004-18p and Yld2000-2d yield functions, the finite element (FE) simulations of cup drawing process can predict cups with six or eight ears. Considering both efficiency and accuracy, the Yld2000-2d and BBC2000 yield functions, which have less anisotropic parameters to be calculated, are recommended for metals with intermediate anisotropy.

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