Abstract
Synthetic nano hydroxyapatites (HA) have been considered aspotential biomaterials for bone tissue engineering applications because of itsexcellent biological properties. The present work deals with the synthesis of HAnanoparticles from different anion source materials via autoclave assistedhydrothermal method. All the prepared HA nanoparticles were characterized byX-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformation infrared spectra, field emissionscanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectra and high resolutiontransmission electron microscopy. The XRD patterns reveal the pure and hexagonalphase structure with smaller crystallite size for HA obtained from variouscalcium salt precursors. HA particles prepared from nitrate precursors showspherical morphology with 32 nm grain size whereas those derived from theacetate, chloride and egg shell precursors respectively show needle-like,irregular and oval morphology. The effect of different anions on the dielectricproperties and alternating conductivity of HA is investigated, as a polarizedsurface can trigger biological reactions. For the particles obtained fromnitrate, acetate, chloride and egg shell precursors respectively give dielectricconstant (εʹ) values of 9.96, 13.22, 9.92 and 10.86 at 5 MHz. The εʹ anddielectric loss (εʹʹ) values for the HA nanoparticles decrease with increase inthe applied frequency as well. The alternating current conductivity valuesconfirm that the as-synthesized HA samples exhibit insulating behavior. In shortthis article provides the various applicability of HA particles inoptoelectronics and drug delivery.Graphic abstract
Highlights
Novel bioceramic materials are remarkably developed in recent years due to their significant clinical requirements [1]
HA nanoparticles were prepared through autoclave assisted hydrothermal method
Major diffraction peaks are observed at 2θ values of 25.9°, 31.9°, 32.5° and 32.9° corresponding to the crystal planes of (201), (211), (112) and (300) respectively
Summary
Novel bioceramic materials are remarkably developed in recent years due to their significant clinical requirements [1]. As far as the orthopedic applications are considered, the hydroxyapatite ((Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2), HA) plays a versatile role in bone and hard tissues regenerations, because of its close chemical and physical resemblance to the mineral constituent of human hard tissues [4] It shows excellent biocompatibility, bioactivity and osteoconductivity, making it useful for many biomedical applications [5]. The preparation methods and the conditions of synthesis are crucial factors for manufacturing synthetic HA particles, and they possess major role in chemical as well as structural applications of HA. In recent years, autoclave assisted hydrothermal method is highly employed for the nanoparticle synthesis. This particular method has several eminent advantages, such as high product purity, homogeneous compositions, low synthesis temperature and less required time [18, 19]. 10(CH3COO)2Ca + 6(NH4)2HPO4 + 8NH4OH → Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 + 6H2O + 20NH4 CH3COO (3)
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