Effect of Anacardic Acid against Thiram Induced Tibial Dyschondroplasia in Chickens via Regulation of Wnt4 Expression.

Xiong Jiang,Jiakui Li,Jinhuan Jiang,Muhammad Waqas,Xiaole Tong,Mujahid Iqbal,Hui Zhang,Wangyuan Yao,Khalid Mehmood,Kun Li,Yaping Wang,Aoyun Li,Lihong Zhang

doi:10.3390/ani9030082

Abstract

Simple SummaryThis study evaluated the ameliorating effect of anacardic acid (AA) in tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) chickens. Our results showed that AA can increase the feed conversion ratio, improve the weight, length and width of the tibia. AA administration restored the antioxidant parameters significantly (p < 0.05). The gene expression analysis revealed a decrease in wingless-type member 4 (Wnt4) expressions in TD chickens as compared to the control group, while AA treatment up-regulated the Wnt4 expression. The present study demonstrates that the AA plays an important role to prevent the lameness and restore the size of the tibial growth plate of chickens by regulating the expression of Wnt4.Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a tibia bone problem in broilers. Anacardic acid (AA) is a traditional Chinese medicine, which is commonly used to treat arthritis in human. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of AA against TD. A total of 300 day-old poultry birds were equally divided and distributed into three different groups: Control, TD and AA groups. The results showed that the feed conversion ratio was significantly lower in the TD group than control chickens. The tibia bone parameters including weight, length and width were of low quality in TD chickens, while the width of the tibial growth plate was enlarged remarkably. Whereas, in the AA treatment group, the tibia bone parameters showed improvement and tend to return to normal. The antioxidant parameters level of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total and antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) was significantly decreased, while malondialdehyde (MDA) level was increased significantly in TD affected chickens. AA administration restored the antioxidant parameters significantly. The gene expression revealed a decrease in Wnt4 expression in TD chickens as compared to control chickens, while AA treatment up-regulated the Wnt4 expression. The present study demonstrates that the AA plays an important role to prevent the lameness and restore the size of tibial growth plate of chickens by regulating the expression of Wnt4.

Highlights

Tibial dyschondroplasia is a major poultry leg problem in rapidly growing birds, especially chickens around the world, in which growth plate (GP) cartilage presents excessive amount in metaphyseal of tibia [1,2,3]
The Anacardic acid (AA) medicine administration significantly markedly increased in the thiram group compared with the control group
The results showed that thiram can induce Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD); almost 90% of chickens were found lame after

Summary

Introduction

Tibial dyschondroplasia is a major poultry leg problem in rapidly growing birds, especially chickens around the world, in which growth plate (GP) cartilage presents excessive amount in metaphyseal of tibia [1,2,3]. This dull white GP is characterized by reduced endochondral ossification, tibial metaphyseal cartilage cell proliferation, a vascular and non-mineralized cartilage wedge, which leads to overt locomotion problems [4,5]. Many studies have been reported that it is caused by a disturbance in vascular development, osteoblast formation and genes related to bone vascularization and mineralization [3,6]. The mandatory action makes such drugs as a first choice in drug screening [9]

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