EFFECT OF AN EXTRAGENT ON THE COMPOSITION OF THE LIPOPHILIC CONSTITUENTS OF THE EXTRACTS OF RHODIOLA ROSEA L. AND ON THE EXTRACTS ACTIVITY

Abstract

The composition of the plant Rhodiola rosea L. lipophylic substances was studied. Acidic and neutral components were identified by gas-chromatography-mass-spectrometry. With methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE) as an extractant instead of the volatile solvent diethyl ether, lipophylic extract was obtained. Methyl-tert-butyl ether used as an extraction solvent for raw materials has all the advantages of diethyl ether, being free of its disadvantages. It does not form peroxides or produce elevated partial gas pressure due to its higher boiling point. As a result, comparison with databases identified some triterpene, phenolic and aliphatic acids with chain lengths 12 to 30 carbon atoms, including saturated, unsaturated, and dibasic acids. In addition to the components known from the literature, more than 50 triterpene and aliphatic compounds were detected in the unsaponifiable residue and acidic fractions for the first time. The hexane extract and the product obtained by the stepwise extraction of MTBE after the extraction of low-polarity compounds with hexane were investigated in a similar way. In the case of an extract obtained using MTBE after the extraction of low-polarity components with hexane, there was shown a more efficient extraction of benzoic and cinnamic acids compared to the exhaustive extraction of MTBE. These acids are absent in the hexane extract. Ethanol extraction was also carried out to test bioactivity: exhaustive and after hexane and MTBE extraction. Extracts obtained using MTBE and ethanol showed anti-virus activity against Ebola psevdovirus.