Abstract
Aluminium doped Ni-Zn ferrite nanoparticles of general formula of Ni0.5Zn0.5AlxFe2-xO4 (x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2.0) have been synthesized by sol-gel auto combustion method and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dis-persive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magneto meter (VSM). XRD studies confirm that all compositions show single phase cubic spinel structure. The crystallite size was calculated using the Debye-Scherrer formula and found in the range of 17 - 52 nm. The lattice parameter “a” is found to decrease with increasing Al3+ content. The SEM images clearly show the crystalline structure and EDX patterns confirm the compositional formation of the synthesized compositions. The results of FTIR analysis indicated that the functional groups of Ni-Zn spinel ferrite were formed during the sol-gel synthesis process. The IR spectra showed two main absorption bands, the high frequency band ν1 around 600 cm-1 and the low frequency band ν2 around 400 cm-1 arising from tetrahedral (A) and octahedral (B) interstitial sites in the spinel lattice. As doping is increased the magnetic behavior is found to decrease and the composition x = 2.0 ferrite appears to be exhibiting superparamagnetism as the coercive field and retentivity are found near zero.
Highlights
Since few decades, the ferrites have attained a good position of economic, engineering and magnetic importance due to their excellent physical and chemical properties
The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of Ni0.5Zn0.5AlxFe2−xO4 (x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2.0) ferrite nanoparticles presented in Figure 1 confirmed that all the calcined samples at 600 ̊C are in crystalline state with cubic spinel crystal structure [21]
XRD and the FTIR pattern showed that all the compositions were formed into single phase cubic spinel structure
Summary
The ferrites have attained a good position of economic, engineering and magnetic importance due to their excellent physical and chemical properties. Ferrites have a wide range of applications in microwave absorbance, number of electronic devices as radio, TV sets, integrated non-reciprocal circuits, high frequency transformers, memory core devices, rod antennas and telecommunication applications. The unit cell consists of eight formula units of the type [ZnFe1−x]A[Ni1−xFe1+x]BO4, where A and B represent tetrahedral and octahedral sites, respectively [1]-[8] They have a low coercivity and are called soft ferrites. The experimental conditions used in the preparation of these materials play an important role in the properties and the particle size of the ferrite nano particles produced For this reason, a great variety of experimental methods have been used in the production of nano particles, like the sol-gel auto combustion technique.
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