Abstract
In the present study, brain damages, serotonin and nor-epinephrine activity on rat brain were investigated. A single sub-acute lethal -oral dose of Alpha-Cypermethrin (25 mg kg -1) was given to rat. Blood and brain tissue samples were examined biologically and histopathologically at various times (1, 2, 3, 4 and24 h) after dosing. Results revealed that extracellular serotonin levels % (f mol/mg tissue) in rat ventral hippocampus at 25 mg kg-1 B.W. After 1, 2, 3 and 24 hr. were 105±4, 80 ±7, 80 ±4, 70 ±4, respectively. While extracellular NA levels after 1, 2, 3 and 24 hr. were 300±10, 450 ±14, 400±12, 400±11, respectively. Alpha-cypermethrin acts as nor-epinephrine reuptake inhibitors (NRIs) and serotonin reuptake stimulator in rat brain. The lesions in the brain of the treated groups were gliosis, perineuronal vacuolation, perivascular vacuolation, and neuronal degeneration.
Highlights
Cypermethrin, an alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl ester of 2,2-dimethyl-3 (2,2-dichlorovinyl) cyclopropane carboxylic acid, is one of the most commonly used pyrethroid II pesticides
Alpha-cypermethrin acts as nor-epinephrine reuptake inhibitors (NRIs) and serotonin reuptake stimulator in rat brain
Alpha-cypermethrin acts as nor-epinephrine reuptake inhibitors (NRIs) in rat ventral hippocampus, cortex and thalamus at the presynaptic alpha-2 adrenergic receptors [14]
Summary
Cypermethrin, an alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl ester of 2,2-dimethyl-3 (2,2-dichlorovinyl) cyclopropane carboxylic acid, is one of the most commonly used pyrethroid II pesticides. It is an artificial compound pyrethroid, broad spectrum, biodegradable insecticide, and fast-acting neurotoxin with good contact and stomach action. The synthetic pyrethroids delay closure of the sodium channel, resulting in a sodium tail current that is characterized by a slow influx of sodium during the end of depolarization. Pyrethroids with an alpha-cyano group (e.g., fenvalerate) produce more prolonged sodium tail currents than do other pyrethroids (e.g., permethrin, bioresmethrin). Synthetic pyrethroids delay the closure of the sodium channel, resulting in a sodium tail stream characterized by a slow sodium flow during the end of depolarization.
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