Abstract
Background: Burn injury is a global health problem that is most often caused by heat. Burn injury can cause high morbidity and mortality and requires high cost. Therefore, the use of plants as herbal medicine has the potential to be developed in Indonesia. Aloe vera contains various active ingredients that help the wound healing process, such as glucomannan and acemannan which have the effects on the proliferation of macrophages, and fibroblasts, and re-epithelialization. This study aimed to determine the effect of Aloe vera extract in repairing post-burn skin in rats that was analyzed from the number of macrophages and fibroblasts, and epidermal thickness. Methods: This is an experimental study with a posttest-only control group design using 54 Rattus norvegicus Wistar strain rats. The sampling method was simple random sampling consisting of 3 groups, i.e., I. standard group, which were normal rats; II. negative control group, which were given second-degree burns and treated with gel base (without Aloe vera extract); III. treatment groups, which were given second-degree burns and treated with Aloe vera extract gel. Each group was subdivided into three smaller groups (n = 6) according to the time the lesions were evaluated. Skin tissue samplings were carried out on day 3, 14, and 21 after injury to observe the number of macrophages and fibroblasts, and epidermal thickness. Results: There were significant differences in the mean number of macrophages, number of fibroblasts, and epidermal thickness in all groups ( p<0.05). Conclusion: Aloe vera extract gel could accelerate the healing process of burns in rats.
Highlights
Burn injury is a damage to the skin or other tissues that can be caused by heat, radiation, electricity, chemicals, or friction, but most often caused by heat (American Burn Association, 2019)
On day 21st day after injury, the highest mean number of macrophages were seen in the negative control group (II), followed by the treatment group (III), and followed by the standard group (I)
On the 3rd day after injury, the highest mean number of fibroblasts were seen in the treatment group (III), followed by the negative control group (II), and followed by the standard group (I)
Summary
Burn injury is a damage to the skin or other tissues that can be caused by heat, radiation, electricity, chemicals, or friction, but most often caused by heat (American Burn Association, 2019). Second-degree burns involve both epidermis and dermis. Third-degree burns involve epidermis, dermis, and dermal appendages. Burn injury is a global health problem that is most often caused by heat. This study aimed to determine the effect of Aloe vera extract in repairing post-burn skin in rats that was analyzed from the number of macrophages and fibroblasts, and epidermal thickness. Negative control group, which were given second-degree burns and treated with gel base (without Aloe vera extract); III. Treatment groups, which were given second-degree burns and treated with Aloe vera extract gel. Skin tissue samplings were carried out on day 3, 14, and 21 after injury to observe the number of macrophages and fibroblasts, and epidermal thickness. Conclusion: Aloe vera extract gel could accelerate the healing process of burns in rats
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