Abstract
1. Austenite grain refining in maraging Cr−Ni steels occurs during heating due to recrystallization of phase strain-hardened austenite. 2. Depending on the additional alloying, grain refining occurs either by the mechanism of nucleation of new grains (primary recrystallization)—steels with aluminum, copper, and cobalt, and steel without alloying additions—or by the mechanism of uneven migration of sections of the original boundary—steels with additions of molybdenum or titanium. 3. The recrystallizationn mechanism determines the optimal temperature range, the number of times the steel must be heated for recrystallization, and its effectiveness. The degree of refining of the original coarse grains during primary recrystallization is approximately 30 times larger than with recrystallization by means of uneven migration of the original grain boundaries. 4. For steels with aluminum, copper, and cobalt that contain <0.03% C the optimal recrystallization temperature is equal to 850–880° with double austenitizing. For steels with molybdenum and titanium the optimal recrystallization temperature is 960–1025°, depending on the composition, with austenitizing three times.
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