Abstract
The distal part of the large intestine is the part of the gut most affected by aldosterone, and in man, the rectum offers a simple epithelium for studying aldosterone effects. The transmucosal P.D. (potential difference) of rectal mucosa rises considerably after aldosterone is given and its magnitude becomes markedly dependent on the luminal sodium concentration. Sodium influx (lumen to plasma) and absorption rate are increased and the concentration of sodium in the lumen is reduced to much lower levels than in untreated individuals. Potassium secretion rate is increased but at present the evidence is against any close link of sodium and potassium movements. The sodium content of the epithelial cells is relatively high and unaffected by aldosterone. Studies of sodium kinetics in the epithelium indicate that the absorbed sodium does not mix with the cell sodium. A simple model of the sodium transporting system of colonic epithelium is proposed in which only a small fraction of the cell sodium is involved in the transepithelial movements.
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