Abstract
Purpose: To determine the effect alcohol extract of Zataria multiflora , Satureja bachtiarica and Zaravschanica membranacea on immunohematologic factors in Wistar rats. Methods: Wistar rats were randomly allocated to seven treatment groups which consisted of control group with water and feed only (1); 200 mg. kg -1 Z. membranacea (2); 400 mg. kg -1 Z. membranacea (3); 200 mg. kg -1 S. bachtiarica (4); 400 mg. kg -1 S. bachtiarica (5); 200 mg. kg -1 Z. multiflora (6) and 400 mg. kg -1 Z. multiflora (7). Erythrocyte counts (RBC), packed cell volumes (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), Translocation and Assembly Module (Tam) protein, IgM and albumin were measured after 29 days. Results: Z. membranacea at 200 mg kg -1 showed the highest level of Tam-protein content (p < 0.05). Z. multiflora boiss at 400 mg kg -1 produced higher levels of immunoglobulin M (IgM) compared to S. bachtiarica and Z. multiflora (p < 0.05). Both Z. membranacea and S. bachtiarica at 200 mg. kg -1 caused a significant increase in albumin levels in the rats (p < 0.05). Z. multiflora at 400 mg. kg -1 had the highest effect on white blood cells (WBC) while S. bachtiarica produced the highest effect on neutrophils (Nut) (p < 0.05). Z. membranacea and Z. multiflora at 200 mg. kg -1 showed significantly higher levels of monocytes (Mon) % (p < 0.05). Z. multiflora and S. bachtiarica at 400 mg. kg -1 showed a significant effect on phagocytosis % (p < 0.05) whilst S. bachtiarica at 400 mg.kg -1 had a significant effect on phagocytosis number (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The alcohol extracts of Z. multiflora Z. membranacea and S. bachtiarica extracts are capable of stimulating the immune defense mechanism without causing undesirable effects on hematological parameters. Keywords: Zataria multiflora , Satureja bachtiarica , Zaravschanica membranacea , Immunoglobulin, Serum albumen, Immunohematologic factors
Highlights
The immune system is defined as biological structures and processes responsible for protecting an organism against diseases by identifying and eliminating the pathogen, stemming the emergence of tumours and maintaining constant internal conditions [1]
(p < 0.05) higher level of Translocation and Assembly Module (Tam)-protein was observed in Z. membranacea treatment at 200 mg kg-1 compared to the rest of the treatments
Higher levels of immunoglobulin M (IgM) were observed in Z. multiflora boiss treatment at 400 mg kg-1 and it was statistically significant from the other treatments (p < 0.05)
Summary
The immune system is defined as biological structures and processes responsible for protecting an organism against diseases by identifying and eliminating the pathogen, stemming the emergence of tumours and maintaining constant internal conditions [1]. Enhancement of the immune system is possibly the most vital step in achieving resistance to disease and reducing susceptibility to infections. One class of immune modulators is recognized as herbal medicines [4]. Extensive efforts are being invested to identify chemical compounds that are present in herbal products which act as immunostimulant agents to combat infections as therapeutic or prophylactic or treatments, or to enhance host immune mechanisms [5]. Barbour et al [6], Wagner [7] and Wichtl [8] reported that different herbal products are efficient in treating irregularities of the immune system and enhancing immune function in cases of toxicosis and chronic infections
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