Abstract
BackgroundThere have been a limited number of studies comparing bone mass between patients with schizophrenia and the general population. The aim of this study was to compare the bone mass of schizophrenia patients with that of healthy subjects in Japan.MethodsWe recruited patients (n = 362), aged 48.8 ± 15.4 (mean ± SD) years who were diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV). Bone mass was measured using quantitative ultrasound densitometry of the calcaneus. The osteosono-assessment index (OSI) was calculated as a function of the speed of sound and the transmission index. For comparative analysis, OSI data from 832 adults who participated in the Iwaki Health Promotion Project 2009 was used as representative of the general community.ResultsMean OSI values among male schizophrenic patients were lower than those in the general population in the case of individuals aged 40 and older. In females, mean OSI values among schizophrenic patients were lower than those in the general community in those aged 60 and older. In an analysis using the general linear model, a significant interaction was observed between subject groups and age in males.ConclusionsOlder schizophrenic patients exhibit lower bone mass than that observed in the general population. Our data also demonstrate gender and group differences among schizophrenic patients and controls with regard to changes in bone mass associated with aging. These results indicate that intervention programs designed to delay or prevent decreased bone mass in schizophrenic patients might be tailored according to gender.
Highlights
It has previously been shown that patients taking antipsychotic medications are at greater risk for bone fractures [1]
Mean osteosono-assessment index (OSI) values were lower in male schizophrenic patients compared with males in the community group in individuals 40 and older
A significant interaction between subject group and age in general linear model showed that descending trend of OSI value with aging was accelerated in male schizophrenic patients
Summary
It has previously been shown that patients taking antipsychotic medications are at greater risk for bone fractures [1]. The onset of schizophrenia typically occurs during adolescence and young adulthood [2], the administration of antipsychotic medications generally begins during the same period, during which bone maturation results in peak bone mass. To date there have been a limited number of studies [10,11,12] comparing bone mass between patients with schizophrenia and the general population. There have been a limited number of studies comparing bone mass between patients with schizophrenia and the general population.
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