Abstract
It was found that introduction of polyhexamethylguanidines modified with carboxy and phosphonic groups into a saturated solution of calcium carbonate affects the formation rate, morphology, and phase composition of the deposits being formed, with crystals in the deposit becoming coarser and rhombic structures appearing. These phenomena were manifested to a greater extent when zinc complexes of polyelectrolytes are present in solution. An analysis of the phase composition of the deposit demonstrated that the presence of polyelectrolytes and their zinc complexes in solution leads to an increase in the amount of the calcite phase. The reason why the phase composition and morphology of the deposits changes is that polyelectrolytes and their complexes are adsorbed on the surface of carbonate deposits. The adsorption of polyelectrolytes on a calcium carbonate powder is described by the Langmuir isotherm and the formation of their zinc complexes leads to an increase in the adsorption equilibrium constant by more than a factor of 2, which is due to the change in the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of macromolecules in complexation.
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