Abstract
THE well known influence of the testes on the growth of the normal prostate led Huggins and Hodges in 1941 (1) to study the effect of orchidectomy and the administration of estrogens on patients with metastatic carcinoma of the prostate. Although these measures produced a regression of the disease in the majority of cases, it was soon discovered that in most instances the improvement was only temporary in nature. Failure to remove all androgen-producing tissue appeared to be one possible explanation for the eventual failure of orchidectomy to control the cancer. That the normal adrenal cortex may be an extra-testicular source of androgens has been indicated by an accumulating volume of evidence, which has been reviewed by Parkes (2), Dorfman (3) and Burrows (4). The most unequivocal findings are based on the urinary excretion steroids by man. Androgenic steroids are found in the urine of orchidectomized men and of ovariectomized women; they are diminished in Addison's disease;
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