Effect of adrenaline and alpha-agonists on net rate of liquid absorption from the pleural space of rabbits.

Abstract

Indirect evidence supporting a solute-coupled liquid absorption from the pleural space of rabbits has recently been provided; moreover, the beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist terbutaline has been found to increase this absorption. In this study the effect of adrenaline and alpha-adrenoceptor agonists on net rate of liquid absorption (Jnet) from albumin Ringer hydrothoraces of various sizes has been determined in anaesthetized rabbits. In hydrothoraces with adrenaline (5 x 10(-6) M) the relationship between Jnet and volume of liquid injected was displaced upwards by 0.09 ml h-1 relative to that in control hydrothoraces (P < 0.01). This displacement did not occur with lower adrenaline concentrations or after pretreatment with the beta-blocker propranolol. Hence, this increase in Jnet is mediated by stimulation of beta-receptors. It seems to be caused by an increase in solute-coupled liquid absorption, since beta-agonists inhibit lymphatic activity while, at relatively high concentrations, they may increase active transport. Conversely, the strong stimulation of lymphatic alpha-receptors that should occur with adrenaline after beta-blockade may fail to increase lymphatic drainage, because it has been shown that the increase in contraction frequency of lymphatics may be balanced by the decrease in their stroke volume. Arterial blood pressure during the hydrothoraces with adrenaline was unchanged. In hydrothoraces with the alpha 2-agonist clonidine (5 x 10(-6) M; a less potent agent than adrenaline) the slope of the relationship between Jnet and volume injected increased by 26% (P < 0.01), while its origin did not change. This increase in slope did not occur with a lower clonidine concentration or after pretreatment with the alpha-blocker phentolamine. Hence, it is caused by stimulation of alpha 2-receptors, which probably lead to an increase in lymphatic drainage related to liquid load. In hydrothoraces with the alpha 1-agonist phenylephrine (5 x 10(-6) or 10(-7) M) Jnet was simlar to control values.