Abstract
Omega 3 contained in mackerel oil extract is an important constituent of neuron cell walls and the raw material for building fetal brain cells. DHA and EPA in omega 3 regulate BDNF synthesis through a p38-MAPK dependent mechanism. BDNF has a role in regulating cell survival and programming cell death (apoptosis) in the brain. This study aims to determine the effect of giving mackerel oil during pregnancy on BDNF expression in the cerebrum of newborn rats. Posttest research design only control group with true experimental type. A sample of 30 rats with 10 each per group. The first group was the control group (K), the second group was mackerel oil (P1), and the third group was omega 3 supplements (P2). BDNF expression examination methods with immunohistochemistry. The data were analyzed analytically with ANOVA and continued with post hoc LSD. There was a significant difference in the expression of BDNF cerebral newborn rats between groups with a value of p = 0.000 (2.780 ± 0.52 in the control group, 3.670 ± 0.36 in the mackerel oil group, and 3.670 ± 0.45 in the omega 3 supplement group ) . The conclusion of this study was that the group given mackerel oil extract had a higher BDNF cerebral expression than the other groups.
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