Abstract
BackgroundPrevious studies did not comprehensively examine the effect of adenotonsillectomy on growth and development, emotional state, quality of life, attention ability, and cognitive dysfunction in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This study aimed to explore the improvement effects of adenotonsillectomy on the growth, development, quality of life, and attention ability in children with OSA.MethodsThis prospective single-arm study involved children with OSA admitted at The No. 980 Hospital, Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, China (02/2017–02/2018). The Myklebust Pupil Rating Scale (PRS), Inventory of Subjective Life Quality (ISLQ), Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ), and Continuous Performance Task (CPT) were examined before and at 6 months after adenotonsillectomy.ResultsForty-nine patients were enrolled. They all completed the 6-month follow-up. The body mass index increased after surgery (from 18.8 ± 4.9 to 19.3 ± 4.3 kg/m2, P = 0.008). The total PRS score increased 6 months after surgery (from 73.8 ± 12.7 to 84.6 ± 10.3, P < 0.001). All aspects of the ISLQ, except anxiety experience and physical emotion, were improved at 6 months after adenotonsillectomy (all P < 0.01). The SAS score also decreased from 20.1 ± 10.0 to 12.8 ± 6.6 (P < 0.001). All six dimensions of the PSQ, as assessed by the legal guardians, decreased after adenotonsillectomy (all P < 0.01). The proportions of children with auditory and/or visual sustained attention abnormalities decreased after surgery.ConclusionsAfter adenotonsillectomy, the PRS, ISLQ, and PSQ improved, and anxiety and auditory/visual sustained attention abnormalities decreased, suggesting positive impacts on the growth, development, quality of life, and comprehensive cognitive abilities of children with OSA.
Highlights
Previous studies did not comprehensively examine the effect of adenotonsillectomy on growth and development, emotional state, quality of life, attention ability, and cognitive dysfunction in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
The diagnostic criteria for obstructive sleep apnea in children were based on the third edition of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD-3) developed by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) [29]
Summary
Previous studies did not comprehensively examine the effect of adenotonsillectomy on growth and development, emotional state, quality of life, attention ability, and cognitive dysfunction in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This study aimed to explore the improvement effects of adenotonsillectomy on the growth, development, quality of life, and attention ability in children with OSA. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a breathing disorder characterized by recurrent complete or partial upper airway obstruction during sleep [1]. Apnea is defined as mouth and nose airflow decreased by > 90% for at least two breathing cycles, despite chest and abdomen movements during the event [2]. Hypopnea is defined as mouth and nose airflow decreased by > 30% compared with baseline, lasting for at least two breathing cycles, with event-related waking up or a decrease of ≥3% in oxygen saturation [2]. Interventions for OSA in children include intranasal steroids [7, 8], montelukast [9], and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), but the only curative and definitive treatment is adenotonsillectomy [10, 11]
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