Abstract
The nickel–tungsten sulfide catalysts for the hydroconversion of hydrocarbons were prepared from oil-soluble nickel and tungsten precursor compounds in situ with the use of silica, alumina, titania, zeolite Y, and amorphous aluminosilicate as additives in a vacuum gas oil medium. It was found that the catalytic activity in hydrocracking depends on the concentration of acid sites in the resulting catalyst. With the use of oxide additives, the dispersion and the promoter ratio of the in situ formed sulfide particles increased in the order SiO2–Al2O3–TiO2. It was noted that the promoter ratio of sulfide particles obtained with the use of aluminosilicate additives depended on their porous structure peculiarities. The use of titanium dioxide as a catalytic system component made it possible to reach high activity in hydrocracking, hydrodearomatization, and hydrodesulfurization, which was comparable to that of a system based on zeolite Y, a highly acidic component.
Highlights
Supported sulfide catalysts are currently most widely used in the petroleum refining processes of hydrocracking, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation, etc. [1]
We found that the nature and properties of the additives affect the activity of the nickel–tungsten sulfide catalysts formed from oil-soluble precursors in hydroconversion reactions
In theseparated absence after of additives, hydrodearomatization, we studied the morphology of the in situ formed catalysts the reaction using transmission electron microscopy (TEM).ofNote that,particles in the absence additives,of weabout we observed the formation of the spherical aggregates sulfide with aofdiameter observed the formation of the spherical aggregates of sulfide particles with a diameter of about
Summary
Supported sulfide catalysts are currently most widely used in the petroleum refining processes of hydrocracking, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation, etc. [1]. A modern approach to the hydroprocessing of heavy crude oil consists in the use of slurry reactors with meso- or nanosized dispersed-phase catalysts [17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29] This approach ensures a uniform heat distribution in the reaction zone, a high degree of conversion of raw materials, a decrease in the rate of deactivation due to coking, and the possibility of easy catalyst removal from the reactor [30,31,32]. Both preliminarily synthesized with the use of supports (ex situ) and in situ formed from water-soluble or oil-soluble metal compounds in the reaction medium, are successfully used in slurry hydroprocesses [17,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42]
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