Effect of adamantane amino derivatives on the immune response

Abstract

In the previous paper [ 1 ] we reported that remantadine and deutiphorin exhibit moderate immunosuppressive activity and are capable of inhibiting the cytotoxicity of natural killer cells and the reaction of lymphocyte blast-transformation in the mononuclear fraction of peripheral blood l~om healthy donors. Earlier, Clark et al. [2] reported similar properties for l-aminoadamantane. In our work [1], it was established that the immunosuppressive activity of the main amino derivatives of adamantane is due to their ability to inhibit activation of Ca2+-phospholipid dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C), and it was suggested that this property may also account for the antiviral activity of these compounds. The ability ofadamantane amino derivatives, as anti-influenza preparations, to inhibit the activation of protein kinase C (thus suppressing the lymphocyte blast-transformation and the functional activity of natural killer cells) suggest that these derivatives may also be capable of affecting the humoral immune response and the post-infection response related to the formation of immune memory cells. Both these processes include the interaction of various T and B cell subclasses, whereby the activated T-lymphocytes belonging to different subclasses may activate or suppress the functional activity of the B cells [3, 4]. As is known, the activation of Tand B-lymphocytes is related to the activation of protein kinase C [5, 6]. In this connection, we have studied the effect of remantadine, 1-aminoadamantane, and deutiphorin on the formation of humoral immunity to bacterial antigen, a living antituberculous BCG vaccine, in CBA line mice. At the same time, we have studied the effect of these compounds on the delayed hypersensitivity that develops simultaneously with the formation of antibodyproducing cells and reflects the T-cell immunity reaction.