Abstract
Simple SummaryMarbling is an important factor affecting the quality of beef. The co-culture (myoblast-preadipocytes) system was successfully established in our lab in the early stage to simulate the internal environment of marbling. Within this environment, ACTC1 gene was a differentially expressed gene screened from the co-culture system. The gene was not expressed in monocultured adipocytes but was expressed in co-cultured adipocytes. Therefore, we hypothesize that the ACTC1 gene plays a role in the development of bovine myoblasts and preadipocytes. In this study, we explored the effect of ACTC1 gene on the proliferation and differentiation of bovine myoblasts and preadipocytes, aiming to discover the potential biological function of ACTC1 gene in muscle development and fat deposition. The results showed that ACTC1 could regulate the development of bovine myoblasts and preadipocytes, and ACTC1 could be used as an important target for improving beef quality in the future.Actin Alpha Cardiac Muscle 1 (ACTC1) gene is a differentially expressed gene screened through the co-culture system of myoblasts-preadipocytes. In order to study the role of this gene in the process of proliferation and differentiation of bovine myoblasts and preadipocytes, the methods of the knockdown, overexpression, and ectopic expression of ACTC1 were used in this study. After ACTC1 knockdown in bovine myoblasts and inducing differentiation, the sizes and numbers of myotube formation were significantly reduced compared to the control group, and myogenic marker genes—MYOD1, MYOG, MYH3, MRF4, MYF5, CKM and MEF2A—were significantly decreased (p < 0.05, p < 0.01) at both the mRNA and protein levels of myoblasts at different differentiation stages (D0, D2, D4, D6 and D8). Conversely, ACTC1 overexpression induced the inverse result. After ectopic expression of ACTC1 in bovine preadipocytes and induced differentiation, the number and size of lipid droplets were significantly higher than those of the control group, and the expression of adipogenic marker genes—FABP4, SCD1, PPARγ and FASN—were significantly increased (p < 0.05, p < 0.01) at the mRNA and protein levels of preadipocytes at different differentiation stages. Flow cytometry results showed that both the knockdown and overexpression of ACTC1 inhibited the normal cell cycle of myoblasts; however, ectopic expression of ACTC1 in adipocytes induced no significant cell cycle changes. This study is the first to explore the role of ACTC1 in bovine myogenesis and lipogenesis and demonstrates that ACTC1 promotes the differentiation of bovine myoblasts and preadipocytes, affecting the proliferation of myoblasts.
Highlights
IntroductionIntroduction conditions of the Creative CommonsCompared with other meats, beef is richer in protein, vitamins, and a variety of essential amino acids, so it is favored by the majority of consumers
Introduction conditions of the Creative CommonsCompared with other meats, beef is richer in protein, vitamins, and a variety of essential amino acids, so it is favored by the majority of consumers
ACTC1 can be highly expressed in myoblasts, its expression cannot be detected in adipocytes; ACTC1 was interfered and overexpressed in myoblasts but ectopically expressed in adipocytes
Summary
Introduction conditions of the Creative CommonsCompared with other meats, beef is richer in protein, vitamins, and a variety of essential amino acids, so it is favored by the majority of consumers. Actin Alpha Cardiac Muscle 1 (ACTC1) is the main actin in embryonic hearts and plays an important role in heart development [3,4,5]. It is the most abundant transverse α-actin subtype in mature hearts and the main protein of myocardial myofilaments, making it responsible for the contractile function of the heart through the troponin system [6]. ACTC1 is the most important striated α-actin in fetal skeletal muscle [15,16]. Further study has found that the expression of ACTC1 is related to myogenic regulatory factors.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
