Abstract
Short-acting neuroleptic drugs are used to prevent adverse effects of stress in wildlife. We compared the effect of acepromazine and haloperidol in Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) captured with box-traps. We captured 23 male Iberian ibex at the National Game Reserve of Ports de Tortosa i Beseit, northeastern Spain, March 2003-June 2005. Seven animals received 0.1 mg/kg of acepromazine maleate, eight received 0.33 mg/kg of haloperidol and eight animals acted as controls. Clinical, hematologic, and serum biochemical parameters were analyzed. Both treatments decreased rectal temperature, white blood cells, lymphocytes, and concentrations of creatinine, creatine kinase, and lactate dehydrogenase. Acepromazine also decreased red blood cells, packed cell volume, hemoglobin concentration, neutrophils, and concentrations of glucose and cholesterol. Haloperidol also decreased heart rate and concentrations of urea and potassium. Our results demonstrate the suitability of using acepromazine and haloperidol in capture operations to reduce stress and prevent its adverse effects.
Highlights
The management of wildlife populations involves animal capture and handling
Administration of short and long-acting neuroleptic drugs immediately after capture reduces the harmful consequences of stress and prevents syndromes such as stress-induced hyperthermia or capture myopathy
To the best of our knowledge, haloperidol has not been used in Iberian ibexes (Capra pyrenaica)
Summary
The management of wildlife populations involves animal capture and handling. Physical methods of capture induce stress in Spanish wild ungulates (Peinado et al, 1993; Perez et al, 2003; Lopez-Olvera et al, 2007). The study of changes in clinical, hematologic, and biochemical parameters is necessary to assess stress effects in captured animals (Williams and Thorne, 1996). Stress and its physiologic consequences, activation of the sympathetic-adrenal medulla and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal cortex, can produce tachycardia, hyperthermia, increase in some hematologic and biochemical parameters (hematocrit, eritrocitary indexes, hemoglobin concentration, red and white blood cell count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, enzymes [creatine kinase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase], glucose, lactate, urea, cholesterol, triglycerides, electrolytes) and decrease in others, including lymphocytes, eosinophils, and total proteins (Broom and Johnson, 1993; Jain, 1993; Williams and Thorne, 1996; Finco, 1997; Ganong, 2004; Kaneko, 2008).
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