Effect of abdominal surgery on the intestinal absorption of lipophilic drugs: possible role of the lymphatic transport

Abstract

Although abdominal surgery is a routine procedure in clinical practice and in preclinical investigation, little is known regarding its effect on the intestinal absorption of drugs. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of abdominal surgery on the intestinal absorption of highly lipophilic compounds with different absorption mechanisms following oral administration. The 2 compounds that were tested were biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) class 2 model lipophilic cannabinoid derivatives, dexanabinol and PRS-211,220. Although dexanabinol is mostly absorbed via passive diffusion to the portal blood, PRS-211,220 is absorbed mostly via lymphatic transport. In this work, we compared the absorption of these compounds after abdominal surgery in rat with the absorption data obtained from naïve animals. The outcomes of this investigation showed that the abdominal surgery mostly affected the absorption process on the preenterocyte level, as indicated by the 2-fold increase in the extent of intestinal absorption of dexanabinol, which is a compound with a low degree of intestinal lymphatic transport. However, the lymphatic transport was not affected by the surgical procedure as evident by the absence of change in the extent of absorption of PRS-211,220, which is transported to the systemic circulation mainly by intestinal lymphatics. In conclusion, abdominal surgery can significantly affect the intestinal absorption of lipophilic drugs; however, intestinal lymphatic transport seems to be less affected by the abdominal surgery.