Abstract
PurposeThe pollution of agricultural land by crude oil is a wide spread phenomenon in petroleum producing countries of the world. Therefore, there is the need to find effective and eco-friendly means of mitigating the toxic effect of crude oil on crop plants.MethodsGreen house experiment was conducted with cowpea seeds planted in polybags containing crude oil contaminated soil and similar concentrations treated with known amount of abattoir wastewater. The effect of abattoir wastewater (AWW) treatment of the crude oil contaminated soil on the metabolic and antioxidant properties of the leaves of cowpea seedlings was investigated. The concentrations of total sugar, total protein, total amino acid and β-carotene, chlorophyll, starch metabolizing enzymes as well as oxidative stress markers, lipid peroxidation, catalase, xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase and superoxide dismutase were determined using standard methods.ResultsTreatment of the crude oil contaminated soil with AWW resulted in decreases in total sugar, total protein and total amino acid as well as increase in the activities of both α-amylase and starch phosphorylase and total chlorophyll and β-carotene levels compared with those in crude oil alone treated groups. Treatment of the crude oil contaminated soil with AWW also significantly decreased lipid peroxidation and Cu/ZnSOD, but increased MnSOD, catalase, xanthine oxidase and aldehyde oxidase activities.ConclusionThese observations suggest that abattoir wastewater has the ability to remediate the adverse effects of crude oil polluted soil on cowpea seedlings. Therefore, abattoir wastewater should be harnessed and used in treating crude oil polluted farmland so as to reduce its toxicity on crop plants.
Highlights
Soil pollution by petroleum hydrocarbon is common in crude oil producing areas (Sivaraj et al 2014), which results in changes in soil properties such as water and oxygen shortage, soil enzymes activities as well as deficiency in nitrogen and phosphorous
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of abattoir wastewater on cowpea seedlings grown in crude oil contaminated soil, in a bid to establish the possible use of abattoir wastewater as a bio-resource in crude oil contaminated farm lands
The present study showed increases in total sugar, total protein and total amino acid contents of the cowpea seedlings planted in crude oil treated soil relative to the control (Table 2)
Summary
Plants growing in soils contaminated with crude oil and its refined products have been reported to exhibit several anomalies in their metabolism and growth indices. International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture (2018) 7:59–66 contaminated soils are modifiable by bioremediation since microorganisms are competent in degrading petroleum hydrocarbons (Sangeetha and Thangadurai 2014). Bioremediation of crude oil contaminated soil can be enhanced by stimulation of the indigenous microorganism, provision of nutrients and oxygen into the soil (biostimulation) (Seklemova et al 2001) and through inoculation of an enhanced microbial consortium into the soil (bioaugmentation) (Richard and Vogel 1999). The aim of this study was to determine the effect of abattoir wastewater on cowpea seedlings grown in crude oil contaminated soil, in a bid to establish the possible use of abattoir wastewater as a bio-resource in crude oil contaminated farm lands
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